Three at a time

Each group has three words that are spelled the same, except for one letter (each group describes a different set of words). Example: king, ring, wing.

1a) a military rank
1b) a landed estate
1c) an elected official

2a) to turn upside down
2b) to cover completely
2c) to create for the first time

3a) a sticky substance
3b) jewel
3c) slang for "leg"

4a) to abuse verbally
4b) to make a new version
4c) to restore to life